Types of Cement
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| Types of Cement |
Ordinary Portland cement
This cement also called the
basic Portland cement is ideal for use in common concrete structures that are
not exposed to sulfate in soil or groundwater.
This cement is by far the largest
produced than any other cement. It is manufactured by grinding Portland
clinker, which may add up to 1% air entrainer with a small amount of gypsum,
water, or both. This very useful type of cement.
Portland Pozzolana Cement
Portland Pozzolana Cement is
prepared by grinding clinker and Pozzolana or blending Portland cement with
fine Pozzolana. The proportion of Pozzolana varies between 10% and 25% of the
weight of cement.
PPC cement is suitable for the
following conditions: It is also used for waterfront structures or offshore
structures like dams, piers, thick foundations where mass concrete is used,
sanitation systems such as sewers.
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Rapid Hardening Portland Cement
Cement is made by intimately
mixing calcareous and clayey and/or other silica, alumina, or iron oxide
containing materials.
This cement has the same chemical
composition as regular Portland cement but is more finely ground. Its 24-hour
strength is about the same as that achieved with normal Portland cement after 3
days. This cement allows for early removal of the shutter, which directly
impacts time and cost savings.
Extra Rapid Hardening Cement
Extra rapid hardening cement is a
suitable modification of quick-hardening cement. Manufactured by grinding
calcium chloride with fast-setting Portland cement. Calcium chloride is usually
mixed with 2% by weight of quick-setting cement. Since ultra-rapid cement is
very sensitive, the concrete should be placed after transportation, placed,
compressed, and finished within 20 minutes after mixing. After the addition of
water, a very large amount of heat is generated in a short period of time with
hydration. Therefore, this type of cement is ideal for concrete in cold
climates.
Portland Slag Cement
In Portland Slag Cement, blast
furnace slag is a non-metal product consisting essentially of glass-containing
silicates and lime aluminosilicates and other bases, which are developed
simultaneously with iron in a blast furnace or an electric pig iron furnace.
Grinded granular slag is obtained by further processing the molten slag by
rapid cooling or quenching with water or steam and air.
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Hydrophobic Cement
Hydrophobic cement is prepared
from regular Portland cement clinker by adding certain water repellent
chemicals during the grinding process. A water-repellent coating is formed on
each particle of cement to prevent water and moisture from the air from being
absorbed by the cement. This film breaks during concrete mixing and the normal The hydration process works just like normal Portland cement.
Sulfate Resistant Cement
Since normal Portland cement is
susceptible to sulfate, sulfate resistant cement was developed for use
where the soil is sulfate infected.
In the case of cement due to
sulfate attack at O.P.C., it can expand in the concrete frame, with cracks and
subsequent fracture.
Many studies have found that
cement with lower C3A content gives better results in order to reduce the
attack by sulfates. Sulfate resistant cement has a high silicate content and
low C3A and C4AF.
Quick Setting Cement
Quick setting cement sets very
quickly. This cement is used for aggressive basic conditions, such as where
pumping is required or underwater land.
Fast-setting cement achieves
fast-setting by reducing the gypsum content when crushing clinker. Quick
setting cement is also used in some typical pouring operations.
High Alumina Cement
This cement is obtained by
grinding a high-alumina clinker consisting of monocalcium aluminate.
High-alumina cement clinker is a selected mixture of materials containing
mainly alumina (Al2O3) and lime (CaO), either fully or partially with a low
proportion of iron oxide, silica (SiO2), and other oxides. Obtained by melting.
High initial strength, the high heat of hydration, and very high resistance to
chemical attack are characteristics of high alumina cement. It is black in
color. Its rapid hardening properties are due to the high proportion of calcium
aluminate in place of the calcium silicate found in normal Portland cement.
Super sulfated Cement
It is a hydraulic cement with
less than 5% sulfuric acid (SO3) content and grinds a mixture of at least 7%
blast furnace granulated slag, calcium sulfate, and a small amount of lime or
Portland clinker. This cement is used for marine construction, large amounts of
concrete construction to resist aggressive water attacks, reinforced concrete
pipes in groundwater, concrete construction in sulfate-containing soil, and
chemical construction exposed to high concentrations of weak sulfate. A
solution of mineral acid used in very serious conditions such as. It can also
be used on the underside of railway bridges and sewers.
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Masonry Cement
Masonry cement is obtained by mixing a mixture of Portland cement clinker and inert material (non-pozzolan) with limestone and the like.
Agglomerates, dolomites,
limestone, gypsum, and air-entrained plasticizers. Masonry cement has a slow
hardening, high workability, and high water retention, making it particularly
suitable for masonry work.
Oil Well Cement
Well, cement is a special purpose
cement that seals the space between a steel casing and a sedimentary rock by
injecting a slurry into an oil well that has been drilled for oil. This cement
prevents oil and gas from leaking out of the well. This cement also prevents
sulfur gas and water containing dissolved salts. All these properties of oil
well cement are obtained by adding a complex composition of cement with
retarders such as starch and cellulosic products and acids.
Colored Cement
Colored cement is made by adding
color-carrying pigments with a Portland cement clinker. The pigment dosage is
5-10% of Portland cement. White or gray Portland cement is used as a matrix to
achieve different colors. White Portland cement is manufactured similar to OPC.
Expandable Cement
Expandable cement is a type of
cement that does not change in volume when dried. This type of cement also does
not shrink during or after curing. This type of cement was developed using an
expanding agent and a stabilizer.
Air-entrained Cement
Air-entrained cement is made by
adding an air-entraining agent in powder or liquid form using OPC cement
clinker. Other external materials are added animal and vegetable fats, oils and
other acids, including aluminum powder, certain wetting agents such as hydrogen
peroxide, and the introduction of air-entraining agents to harden concrete.
Improves frost resistance. By using this cement, the workability, segregation,
and bleeding properties of concrete are improved.
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